Surah al-Qadr

إِنَّا أَنزَلْنَاهُ فِي لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ {1}

1. We sent It^[1] down on the Night of Qadr.

وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا لَيْلَةُ الْقَدْرِ {2}

2. And what can make you know what’s the Night of Qadr?

لَيْلَةُ الْقَدْرِ خَيْرٌ مِّنْ أَلْفِ شَهْرٍ {3}

3. The Night of Qadr is better /more valuable than a thousand months.

تَنَزَّلُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ وَالرُّوحُ فِيهَا بِإِذْنِ رَبِّهِم مِّن كُلِّ أَمْرٍ {4}

4.  The angels and the Spirit^[2] descend in it by the permission of their Master^[3] for every affair.^[4]

سَلَامٌ هِيَ حَتَّى مَطْلَعِ الْفَجْرِ {5}

5. Peace and security it is^[5], till the rise of dawn.^[6]

^[1] Verse 185 of al-Baqarah states that the Qur’an was revealed in the month of Ramadan, verse 3 of al-Duhan states that it was revealed on a blessed night, and this verse states that it was revealed on the night of Qadr. Therefore, the pronoun “it (ه)” in the phrase “We sent it down (اَنْزَلْنَاهُ)” refers to the five verses that were revealed on the night of Qadr, not the entire Qur’an (Alaq 96/1-5). This is because the revelation of the Qur’an was completed in over twenty years.
 

^[2] The commentaries and translations suggest that the Spirit here refers to Gabriel. Allah has said that He sends down all the angels, including Gabriel, to His favored servants by His command, that is, the Spirit (Nahl 16:2). Therefore, what is meant by the Spirit in this verse must be the content of the command given to the commissioned angels (Duhan 44/4-5). Then the meaning of the verse would be: “On that night the angels descend and descend with the spirit that is with them for every work according to the permission of their Lord.” This is because the spirit here means knowledge from Allah (Isra 17/85, Believer 40/15, Shura 42/52).

^[3] See Maryam 19/64, Duhan 44/5.

^[4] On that night, the angels are assigned their duties and each is sent to its place of duty according to its orders (Duhan 44/1-6).

^[5]Fajr means a wide splitting (Mufradat). The cleavage begins with a slight illumination above the eastern horizon. We recognize the onset of light by the disappearance of faint stars. At this time, nature wakes up, our body temperature increases, and the time of dawn and suhoor begins. This is also called astronomical twilight. This is the time when fajr-al kazib / the false fajr begins. The suhoor meal is eaten at this time (Baqara 2/187).

^[6]This night is in the last 10 nights of Ramadan (Fajr 89/1-5).